Sedative and muscle relaxant activities of diterpenoids from Phlomidoschema parviflorum

Abstract Phlomidoschema parviflorum (Benth.) Vved. (Basionym: Stachys parviflora Benth.) Lamiaceae, have significance medicinal importance as it is used in number of health disorders including diarrhea, fever, sore mouth and throat, internal bleeding, weaknesses of the liver and heart genital tumors, sclerosis of the spleen, inflammatory tumors and cancerous ulcers. The present contribution deals with the sedative and muscle relaxant like effects of diterpenoids trivially named stachysrosane and stachysrosane, isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of P. parviflorum. Both compounds (at 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg, i.p) were assessed for their in vivo sedative and muscle relaxant activity in open field and inclined plane test, respectively. The geometries of both compounds were optimized with density functional theory. The molecular docking of both compounds were performed with receptor gamma aminobutyric acid. Both compounds showed marked activity in a dose dependent manner. The docking studies showed that both compounds interact strongly with important residues in receptor gamma aminobutyric acid. The reported data demonstrate that both compounds exhibited significant sedative and muscle relaxant-like effects in animal models, which opens a door for novel therapeutic applications.

Hepatoprotective Activity of a Unani Polyherbal Formulation “Kabideen” in CCl4 Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats.

Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Kabideen Syrup in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. Methods: In hepatotoxic rats, liver damage was studied by assessing parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, total proteins, and cholesterol and lipid peroxidation. Histopathological study of the liver in experimental animals was also undertaken. Results: Hepatic damage as evidenced by a rise in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin cholesterol and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased level of total protein in serum. Liver showed a tendency to attain near normalcy in animals co-administered with kabideen (50 ml/kg) significantly reduced the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and cholesterol levels and increased the total protein levels when compared to the CCl4 group. The histopathological findings showed a significant difference between the Kabideen (50ml/kg) and CCL4 treated groups. Conclusion: The study substantiates the hepatoprotective potential of Kabideen.